International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Groundwater physical and chemical characterization of some regions in Senegal: study on the representativeness of iron and manganese concentration in boring water

    , , , , ,

Author Affiliations

  • 1Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Membran Processes (LEMP) and Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD) PO Box 5085 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
  • 2Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Membran Processes (LEMP) and Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD) PO Box 5085 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
  • 3Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Membran Processes (LEMP) and Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD) PO Box 5085 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
  • 4Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Membran Processes (LEMP) and Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD) PO Box 5085 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
  • 5Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Membran Processes (LEMP) and Quality Control Analysis Laboratory of the Senegalese Water Company (SWC)
  • 6Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Membran Processes (LEMP) and Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD) PO Box 5085 Dakar-Fann, Senegal

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 9, Issue (4), Pages 1-7, October,18 (2019)

Abstract

The majority of Senegal\'s groundwater has a surplus concentration of iron and manganese. The diagnosis of drilling water shows that more than 80% of the water collected in different areas of Senegal have high amount of those both elements. Their concentrations are higher than the WHO guideline value of 0.3 mg. L-1 and 0.05 mg. L-1. While iron and manganese do not pose a serious health risk, their presence may indicate that groundwater is of poor quality and may be indicative of other problems that may have adverse effects on human health. The purpose of this study was therefore to characterize the groundwater of some areas in Senegal and to evaluate the representativity of iron and manganese in terms of concentration in order to provide elements of response to high concentrations in the water. To reach this objective, we applied the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Variance Analysis (ANNOVA) method of the MinitabR version 17 software on physical and chemical analysis results in order to better interpret the results. Therefore, the characterization of the samples showed globally that the groundwater must be treated before consumption by the populations. The qualitative study made it possible to highlight that the Maastrichtian is the most exploited tablecloth like the other tablecloths. Thus, this present study has also shown that the groundwater collected in these different regions deserve to be purified before consumption by the populations because the following physical and chemical parameters: electrical conductivity, turbidity, sulphates, iron and manganese far exceed the potability standards accepted by WHO.

References

  1. Gnamba F.M., Adiaffi B., OgaY.M.S., Gauthier K.O. and Soro T. (2016)., Origines du fer dans les eaux souterraines de la région de Katiola/Origins of iron in groundwater in Katiola area., International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies., 18(3), 928.
  2. Abdalla O. and bin Yahya Al-Abri R. (2014)., Factors affecting groundwater chemistry in regional arid basins of variable lithology: example of Wadi Umairy, Oman., Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7(7), 2861-2870.
  3. Hussein M.T. (2004)., Hydrochemical evaluation of groundwater in the Blue Nile Basin, eastern Sudan, using conventional and multivariate techniques., Hydrogeology Journal., 12(2), 144-158.
  4. Pandey V.P., Chapagain S.K. and Kazama F. (2010)., Evaluation of groundwater environment of Kathmandu Valley., Environmental Earth Sciences, 60(6), 1329-1342.
  5. Pant B.R. (2011)., Ground water quality in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal., Environmental monitoring and assessment, 178(1-4), 477-485.
  6. Sujith P. and Bharathi P.L. (2011)., Manganese oxidation by bacteria: biogeochemical aspects., Molecular Biomineralization: Springer, 49-76.
  7. Du X., Liu G., Qu F., Li K., Shao S., Li G. and Liang H. (2017)., Removal of iron, manganese and ammonia from groundwater using a PAC-MBR system: the anti-pollution ability, microbial population and membrane fouling., Desalination, 403, 97-106.
  8. Tekerlekopoulou A. and Vayenas D. (2007)., Ammonia, iron and manganese removal from potable water using trickling filters., Desalination, 210(1-3), 225-235.
  9. Stein L.Y., La Duc M.T., Grundl T.J. and Nealson K.H. (2001)., Bacterial and archaeal populations associated with freshwater ferromanganous micronodules and sediments., Environmental Microbiology, 3(1), 10-18.
  10. DGPRE. (2015)., Rapport diagnostic:Étude pour l′élaboration d′une stratégie nationale d′amélioration de la qualité de l′eau potable au Sénégal., Ministère de l′Hydraulique et de la Planification des Ressources en Eau du Sénégal. Pages 189.
  11. Jean RODIER B.L., Nicole MERLET and COLL. (2009)., Analyse de l, Dunod, Paris, 1579.
  12. Yidana S.M., Ophori D. and Banoeng-Yakubo B. (2008)., A multivariate statistical analysis of surface water chemistry data-The Ankobra Basin, Ghana., Journal of Environmental Management, 86(1), 80-87.
  13. Mahamane A.A. and Guel B. (2015)., Caractérisations physico-chimiques des eaux souterraines de la localité de Yamtenga (Burkina Faso)., International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 9(1), 517-533.
  14. Doumbia S. (1997)., Geochimie, geochronologie et geologie structurale des formations birimiennes de la region de katiola-marabadiassa (centre nord de la cote-d, Orléans.